Description

svcs est une commande spécifique à Solaris car elle permet d’obtenir des informations sur le système de services de solaris (smf). A l’instart des services Windows svcs permet de les lister et de vérifier leur status (online, offline, maintenance). Elle permet également d’obtenir des informations bien précises sur un service et notamment d’accéder au fichier de log correspondant (très pratique pour débugger un service)

La commande pour l’analyse des logs d’un service est la suivante : svcs -xv apache2.

Une commande indispensable pour les administrateurs systèmes Solaris.

Exemple

root@solaris:~# svcs
STATE          STIME    FMRI
legacy_run     23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S20sysetup
legacy_run     23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S47pppd
legacy_run     23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S72autoinstall
legacy_run     23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S73cachefs_daemon
legacy_run     23:26:18 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S81dodatadm_udaplt
legacy_run     23:26:18 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S89PRESERVE
disabled       23:25:42 svc:/platform/i86pc/acpihpd:default
disabled       23:25:50 svc:/network/ipsec/policy:default
online         23:25:01 svc:/system/svc/restarter:default
online         23:25:04 svc:/system/early-manifest-import:default
online         23:25:06 svc:/network/socket-config:default
online         23:25:06 svc:/network/datalink-management:default
online         23:25:07 svc:/network/netcfg:default
[...]
online         23:26:14 svc:/network/ssh:default
online         23:26:15 svc:/network/smtp:sendmail
online         23:26:15 svc:/network/sendmail-client:default
online         23:26:18 svc:/system/fmd:default
online         23:26:18 svc:/milestone/multi-user:default
online         23:26:18 svc:/system/boot-config:default
online         23:26:19 svc:/system/intrd:default
online         23:26:20 svc:/network/routing/ndp:default
online         23:26:21 svc:/application/stosreg:default
online         23:26:21 svc:/network/rpc/gss:default
online         23:26:21 svc:/network/rpc/smserver:default
online         23:26:21 svc:/network/security/ktkt_warn:default
online         23:26:22 svc:/milestone/multi-user-server:default
online         23:26:22 svc:/system/zones:default
root@solaris:~# svcs zones
STATE          STIME    FMRI
online         23:26:22 svc:/system/zones:default
root@solaris:~# svcs -xv zones
svc:/system/zones:default (Zones autoboot and graceful shutdown)
 State: online since  1 mai 2011 23:26:22 CEST
 See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 5 zones
 See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 1M zonecfg
 See: /var/svc/log/system-zones:default.log
Impact: None.

Man solaris de la commande svcs

User Commands                                             svcs(1)

NAME
 svcs - report service status

SYNOPSIS
 svcs [-aHpv?] [-o col[,col]]... [-R FMRI-instance]...
 [-sS col]... [FMRI | pattern]...

 svcs {-d | -D} [-Hpv?] [-o col[,col]]... [-sS col]...
 [FMRI | pattern] ...

 svcs -n [FMRI] ...

 svcs -l [-v] [FMRI | pattern]...

 svcs -x [-v] [FMRI]...

DESCRIPTION
 The  svcs  command  displays   information   about   service
 instances  as  recorded in the service configuration reposi-
 tory.

 The first form of this command prints one-line status  list-
 ings  for service instances specified by the arguments. Each
 instance is listed only once. With no arguments, all enabled
 service  instances, even if temporarily disabled, are listed
 with the columns indicated below.

 The second form prints  one-line  status  listings  for  the
 dependencies  or  dependents of the service instances speci-
 fied by the arguments.

 The third form prints detailed  information  about  specific
 services and instances.

 The fourth form explains the states  of  service  instances.
 For  each  argument,  a  block  of  human-readable  text  is
 displayed which explains what state the service is  in,  and
 why it is in that state. With no arguments, problematic ser-
 vices are described.

 Error messages are printed to the standard error stream.

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 The output of this command  can  be  used  appropriately  as
 input to the svcadm(1M) command.

OPTIONS
 The following options are supported:

 -?                  Displays  an  extended  usage   message,
 including column specifiers.

 -a                  Show all services, even  disabled  ones.
 This  option  has  no effect if services
 are selected.

 -d                  Lists the services or service  instances
 upon  which  the given service instances
 depend.

 -D                  Lists the service instances that  depend
 on   the   given   services  or  service
 instances.

 -H                  Omits the column headers.

 -l                  (The letter ell.) Displays all available
 information  about the selected services
 and service instances, with one  service
 attribute   displayed   for  each  line.
 Information for different instances  are
 separated by blank lines.

 The   following   specific    attributes
 require further explanation:

 dependency    Information about a depen-
 dency.  The  grouping  and
 restart_on properties  are
 displayed  first  and  are
 separated  by  a   forward
 slash   (/).   Next,  each
 entity and  its  state  is
 listed.   See  smf(5)  for
 information about  states.
 In  addition  to the stan-
 dard states, each  service
 dependency  can  have  the
 following  state  descrip-
 tions:

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 absent      No  such  ser-
 vice        is
 defined on the
 system.

 invalid     The      fault
 management
 resource iden-
 tifier  (FMRI)
 is     invalid
 (see smf(5)).

 multiple    The entity  is
 a service with
 multiple
 instances.

 File dependencies can only
 have  one of the following
 state descriptions:

 absent     No such file on
 the system.

 online     The        file
 exists.

 If the file did
 not  exist  the
 last time  that
 svc.startd
 evaluated   the
 service's
 dependencies,
 it can consider
 the  dependency
 to  be unsatis-
 fied.    svcadm
 refresh  forces
 dependency  re-
 evaluation.

 unknown    stat(2)  failed
 for   a  reason
 other      than
 ENOENT.

 See smf(5) for  additional

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 details   about  dependen-
 cies,    grouping,     and
 restart_on values.

 enabled       Whether  the  service   is
 enabled    or   not,   and
 whether it is  enabled  or
 disabled       temporarily
 (until  the  next   system
 reboot).   The  former  is
 specified as  either  true
 or  false,  and the latter
 is designated by the pres-
 ence of (temporary).

 A service  might  be  tem-
 porarily  disabled because
 an administrator  has  run
 svcadm  disable  -t,  used
 svcadm    milestone,    or
 booted  the  system  to  a
 specific  milestone.   See
 svcadm(1M) for details.

 -n                  Prints  notification   parameters.   See
 smf(5).  It always prints the FMA events
 notification parameters and the  system-
 wide  SMF  state transition notification
 parameters, regardless of  the  FMRI  or
 pattern selected.

 -o col[,col]...     Prints the specified columns.  Each  col
 should  be  a  column  name. See COLUMNS
 below for available columns.

 -p                  Lists  processes  associated  with  each
 service instance. A service instance can
 have no associated processes.  The  pro-
 cess  ID,  start  time, and command name
 (PID, STIME, and CMD fields from  ps(1))
 are displayed for each process.

 -R FMRI-instance    Selects service instances that have  the
 given  service instance as their restar-
 ter.

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 -s col              Sorts output by column. col should be  a
 column   name.  See  COLUMNS  below  for
 available columns. Multiple  -s  options
 behave additively.

 -S col              Sorts by col in the  opposite  order  as
 option -s.

 -v                  Without  -x  or  -l,  displays   verbose
 columns: STATE, NSTATE, STIME, CTID, and
 FMRI.

 With -x, displays extra information  for
 each explanation.

 With -l, displays  user-visible  proper-
 ties in property groups of type applica-
 tion and their description.

 -x                  Displays   explanations   for    service
 states.

 Without   arguments,   the   -x   option
 explains the states of services which:

 o    are enabled, but are  not  run-
 ning.

 o    are preventing another  enabled
 service from running.

OPERANDS
 The following operands are supported:

 FMRI             A  fault  management  resource   identifier
 (FMRI) that specifies one or more instances
 (see smf(5)). FMRIs can be  abbreviated  by
 specifying the instance name, or the trail-
 ing portion of the service name. For  exam-
 ple, given the FMRI:

 svc:/network/smtp:sendmail

 The following are valid abbreviations:

 sendmail
 :sendmail

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 smtp
 smtp:sendmail
 network/smtp

 The following are invalid abbreviations:

 mail
 network
 network/smt

 If the FMRI specifies a service,  then  the
 command  applies  to  all instances of that
 service,  except  when  used  with  the  -D
 option.

 Abbreviated forms of  FMRIs  are  unstable,
 and  should not be used in scripts or other
 permanent tools.

 pattern          A pattern that is matched against the FMRIs
 of   service  instances  according  to  the
 "globbing" rules described  by  fnmatch(5).
 If  the  pattern  does not begin with svc:,
 then svc:/ is prepended. The following is a
 typical example of a glob pattern:

 qexample% svcs \*keyserv\*
 STATE          STIME     FMRI
 disabled       Aug_02    svc:/network/rpc/keyserv:default

 FMRI-instance    An FMRI that specifies an instance.

COLUMNS
 Column names are case insensitive. The default output format
 is  equivalent to "-o state,stime,fmri". The default sorting
 columns are STATE, STIME, FMRI.

 CTID      The primary contract ID for the service  instance.
 Not all instances have valid primary contract IDs.

 DESC      A brief description of the service, from its  tem-
 plate element. A service might not have a descrip-
 tion available, in which case a hyphen (-) is used
 to denote an empty value.

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 FMRI      The FMRI of the service instance.

 INST      The instance name of the service instance.

 NSTA      The  abbreviated  next  state   of   the   service
 instance,  as given in the STA column description.
 A hyphen denotes that the instance is not  transi-
 tioning. Same as STA otherwise.

 NSTATE    The next state of the service. A hyphen is used to
 denote  that  the  instance  is not transitioning.
 Same as STATE otherwise.

 SCOPE     The scope name of the service instance.

 SVC       The service name of the service instance.

 STA       The abbreviated state of the service instance (see
 smf(5)):

 DGD    degraded

 DIS    disabled

 LRC    legacy rc*.d script-initiated instance

 MNT    maintenance

 OFF    offline

 ON     online

 UN     uninitialized

 Absent or unrecognized states  are  denoted  by  a
 question  mark  (?)  character. An asterisk (*) is
 appended for instances in transition,  unless  the
 NSTA or NSTATE column is also being displayed.

 See smf(5) for an explanation of service states.

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 STATE     The state of the service instance. An asterisk  is
 appended  for  instances in transition, unless the
 NSTA or NSTATE column is also being displayed.

 See smf(5) for an explanation of service states.

 STIME     If the service instance entered the current  state
 within  the  last  24 hours, this column indicates
 the time that it did so.  Otherwise,  this  column
 indicates  the  date  on  which it did so, printed
 with underscores (_) in place of blanks.

EXAMPLES
 Example 1 Displaying the Default Output

 This example displays default output:

 example% svcs
 STATE          STIME    FMRI
 ...
 legacy_run     13:25:04 lrc:/etc/rc3_d/S42myscript
 ...
 online         13:21:50 svc:/system/svc/restarter:default
 ...
 online         13:25:03 svc:/milestone/multi-user:default
 ...
 online         13:25:07 svc:/milestone/multi-user-server:default
 ...

 Example 2 Listing All Local Instances

 This example lists all local instances of the service1  ser-
 vice.

 example% svcs -o state,nstate,fmri service1
 STATE        NSTATE        FMRI
 online       -             svc:/service1:instance1
 disabled     -             svc:/service1:instance2

 Example 3 Listing Verbose Information

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 This example lists verbose information.

 example% svcs -v network/rpc/rstat:udp
 STATE          NSTATE        STIME    CTID   FMRI
 online         -             Aug_09        - svc:/network/rpc/rstat:udp

 Example 4 Listing Detailed Information

 This example lists detailed information about all  instances
 of  system/service3.  Additional fields can be displayed, as
 appropriate to the managing restarter.

 example% svcs -l network/rpc/rstat:udp

 fmri         svc:/network/rpc/rstat:udp
 enabled      true
 state        online
 next_state   none
 restarter    svc:/network/inetd:default
 contract_id
 dependency   require_all/error svc:/network/rpc/bind (online)

 Example 5 Listing Processes

 example% svcs -p sendmail
 STATE          STIME    FMRI
 online         13:25:13 svc:/network/smtp:sendmail
 13:25:15   100939 sendmail
 13:25:15   100940 sendmail

 Example 6 Explaining Service States Using svcs -x

 (a) In  this  example,  svcs  -x  has  identified  that  the
 print/server service being disabled is the root cause of two
 services which are enabled but not online.  svcs  -xv  shows
 that   those   services  are  print/rfc1179  and  print/ipp-
 listener. This situation can be rectified by either enabling
 print/server or disabling rfc1179 and ipp-listener.

 example% svcs -x
 svc:/application/print/server:default (LP print server)

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

 State: disabled since Mon Feb 13 17:56:21 2006
 Reason: Disabled by an administrator.
 See: http://sun.com/msg/SMF-8000-05
 See: lpsched(1M)
 Impact: 2 dependent services are not running. (Use -v for list.)

 (b) In this example, NFS is not working:

 example$ svcs nfs/client
 STATE          STIME    FMRI
 offline        16:03:23 svc:/network/nfs/client:default

 (c)  The  following  example  shows  that  the  problem   is
 nfs/status.  nfs/client  is  waiting  because  it depends on
 nfs/nlockmgr, which depends on nfs/status:

 example$ svcs -xv nfs/client
 svc:/network/nfs/client:default (NFS client)
 State: offline since Mon Feb 27 16:03:23 2006
 Reason: Service svc:/network/nfs/status:default
 is not running because a method failed repeatedly.
 See: http://sun.com/msg/SMF-8000-GE
 Path: svc:/network/nfs/client:default
 svc:/network/nfs/nlockmgr:default
 svc:/network/nfs/status:default
 See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 1M mount_nfs
 See: /var/svc/log/network-nfs-client:default.log
 Impact: This service is not running.

EXIT STATUS
 The following exit values are returned:

 0    Successful command invocation.

 1    Fatal error.

 2    Invalid command line options were specified.

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User Commands                                             svcs(1)

ATTRIBUTES
 See attributes(5) for descriptions of the  following  attri-
 butes:

 ____________________________________________________________
 |       ATTRIBUTE TYPE        |       ATTRIBUTE VALUE       |
 |_____________________________|_____________________________|
 | Availability                | SUNWcs                      |
 |_____________________________|_____________________________|
 | Interface Stability         | See below.                  |
 |_____________________________|_____________________________|

 Screen output is Uncommitted. The invocation is Committed.

SEE ALSO
 ps(1), svcprop(1), svcadm(1M),  svccfg(1M),  svc.startd(1M),
 stat(2), libscf(3LIB), attributes(5), fnmatch(5), smf(5)

SunOS 5.11          Last change: 12 Aug 2010                   11

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