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svcs
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Description
svcs est une commande spécifique à Solaris car elle permet d’obtenir des informations sur le système de services de solaris (smf). A l’instart des services Windows svcs permet de les lister et de vérifier leur status (online, offline, maintenance). Elle permet également d’obtenir des informations bien précises sur un service et notamment d’accéder au fichier de log correspondant (très pratique pour débugger un service)
La commande pour l’analyse des logs d’un service est la suivante : svcs -xv apache2.
Une commande indispensable pour les administrateurs systèmes Solaris.
Exemple
root@solaris:~# svcs STATE STIME FMRI legacy_run 23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S20sysetup legacy_run 23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S47pppd legacy_run 23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S72autoinstall legacy_run 23:26:17 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S73cachefs_daemon legacy_run 23:26:18 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S81dodatadm_udaplt legacy_run 23:26:18 lrc:/etc/rc2_d/S89PRESERVE disabled 23:25:42 svc:/platform/i86pc/acpihpd:default disabled 23:25:50 svc:/network/ipsec/policy:default online 23:25:01 svc:/system/svc/restarter:default online 23:25:04 svc:/system/early-manifest-import:default online 23:25:06 svc:/network/socket-config:default online 23:25:06 svc:/network/datalink-management:default online 23:25:07 svc:/network/netcfg:default [...] online 23:26:14 svc:/network/ssh:default online 23:26:15 svc:/network/smtp:sendmail online 23:26:15 svc:/network/sendmail-client:default online 23:26:18 svc:/system/fmd:default online 23:26:18 svc:/milestone/multi-user:default online 23:26:18 svc:/system/boot-config:default online 23:26:19 svc:/system/intrd:default online 23:26:20 svc:/network/routing/ndp:default online 23:26:21 svc:/application/stosreg:default online 23:26:21 svc:/network/rpc/gss:default online 23:26:21 svc:/network/rpc/smserver:default online 23:26:21 svc:/network/security/ktkt_warn:default online 23:26:22 svc:/milestone/multi-user-server:default online 23:26:22 svc:/system/zones:default root@solaris:~# svcs zones STATE STIME FMRI online 23:26:22 svc:/system/zones:default root@solaris:~# svcs -xv zones svc:/system/zones:default (Zones autoboot and graceful shutdown) State: online since 1 mai 2011 23:26:22 CEST See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 5 zones See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 1M zonecfg See: /var/svc/log/system-zones:default.log Impact: None.
Man solaris de la commande svcs
User Commands svcs(1)
NAME
svcs - report service status
SYNOPSIS
svcs [-aHpv?] [-o col[,col]]... [-R FMRI-instance]...
[-sS col]... [FMRI | pattern]...
svcs {-d | -D} [-Hpv?] [-o col[,col]]... [-sS col]...
[FMRI | pattern] ...
svcs -n [FMRI] ...
svcs -l [-v] [FMRI | pattern]...
svcs -x [-v] [FMRI]...
DESCRIPTION
The svcs command displays information about service
instances as recorded in the service configuration reposi-
tory.
The first form of this command prints one-line status list-
ings for service instances specified by the arguments. Each
instance is listed only once. With no arguments, all enabled
service instances, even if temporarily disabled, are listed
with the columns indicated below.
The second form prints one-line status listings for the
dependencies or dependents of the service instances speci-
fied by the arguments.
The third form prints detailed information about specific
services and instances.
The fourth form explains the states of service instances.
For each argument, a block of human-readable text is
displayed which explains what state the service is in, and
why it is in that state. With no arguments, problematic ser-
vices are described.
Error messages are printed to the standard error stream.
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The output of this command can be used appropriately as
input to the svcadm(1M) command.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-? Displays an extended usage message,
including column specifiers.
-a Show all services, even disabled ones.
This option has no effect if services
are selected.
-d Lists the services or service instances
upon which the given service instances
depend.
-D Lists the service instances that depend
on the given services or service
instances.
-H Omits the column headers.
-l (The letter ell.) Displays all available
information about the selected services
and service instances, with one service
attribute displayed for each line.
Information for different instances are
separated by blank lines.
The following specific attributes
require further explanation:
dependency Information about a depen-
dency. The grouping and
restart_on properties are
displayed first and are
separated by a forward
slash (/). Next, each
entity and its state is
listed. See smf(5) for
information about states.
In addition to the stan-
dard states, each service
dependency can have the
following state descrip-
tions:
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absent No such ser-
vice is
defined on the
system.
invalid The fault
management
resource iden-
tifier (FMRI)
is invalid
(see smf(5)).
multiple The entity is
a service with
multiple
instances.
File dependencies can only
have one of the following
state descriptions:
absent No such file on
the system.
online The file
exists.
If the file did
not exist the
last time that
svc.startd
evaluated the
service's
dependencies,
it can consider
the dependency
to be unsatis-
fied. svcadm
refresh forces
dependency re-
evaluation.
unknown stat(2) failed
for a reason
other than
ENOENT.
See smf(5) for additional
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details about dependen-
cies, grouping, and
restart_on values.
enabled Whether the service is
enabled or not, and
whether it is enabled or
disabled temporarily
(until the next system
reboot). The former is
specified as either true
or false, and the latter
is designated by the pres-
ence of (temporary).
A service might be tem-
porarily disabled because
an administrator has run
svcadm disable -t, used
svcadm milestone, or
booted the system to a
specific milestone. See
svcadm(1M) for details.
-n Prints notification parameters. See
smf(5). It always prints the FMA events
notification parameters and the system-
wide SMF state transition notification
parameters, regardless of the FMRI or
pattern selected.
-o col[,col]... Prints the specified columns. Each col
should be a column name. See COLUMNS
below for available columns.
-p Lists processes associated with each
service instance. A service instance can
have no associated processes. The pro-
cess ID, start time, and command name
(PID, STIME, and CMD fields from ps(1))
are displayed for each process.
-R FMRI-instance Selects service instances that have the
given service instance as their restar-
ter.
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-s col Sorts output by column. col should be a
column name. See COLUMNS below for
available columns. Multiple -s options
behave additively.
-S col Sorts by col in the opposite order as
option -s.
-v Without -x or -l, displays verbose
columns: STATE, NSTATE, STIME, CTID, and
FMRI.
With -x, displays extra information for
each explanation.
With -l, displays user-visible proper-
ties in property groups of type applica-
tion and their description.
-x Displays explanations for service
states.
Without arguments, the -x option
explains the states of services which:
o are enabled, but are not run-
ning.
o are preventing another enabled
service from running.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
FMRI A fault management resource identifier
(FMRI) that specifies one or more instances
(see smf(5)). FMRIs can be abbreviated by
specifying the instance name, or the trail-
ing portion of the service name. For exam-
ple, given the FMRI:
svc:/network/smtp:sendmail
The following are valid abbreviations:
sendmail
:sendmail
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smtp
smtp:sendmail
network/smtp
The following are invalid abbreviations:
mail
network
network/smt
If the FMRI specifies a service, then the
command applies to all instances of that
service, except when used with the -D
option.
Abbreviated forms of FMRIs are unstable,
and should not be used in scripts or other
permanent tools.
pattern A pattern that is matched against the FMRIs
of service instances according to the
"globbing" rules described by fnmatch(5).
If the pattern does not begin with svc:,
then svc:/ is prepended. The following is a
typical example of a glob pattern:
qexample% svcs \*keyserv\*
STATE STIME FMRI
disabled Aug_02 svc:/network/rpc/keyserv:default
FMRI-instance An FMRI that specifies an instance.
COLUMNS
Column names are case insensitive. The default output format
is equivalent to "-o state,stime,fmri". The default sorting
columns are STATE, STIME, FMRI.
CTID The primary contract ID for the service instance.
Not all instances have valid primary contract IDs.
DESC A brief description of the service, from its tem-
plate element. A service might not have a descrip-
tion available, in which case a hyphen (-) is used
to denote an empty value.
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FMRI The FMRI of the service instance.
INST The instance name of the service instance.
NSTA The abbreviated next state of the service
instance, as given in the STA column description.
A hyphen denotes that the instance is not transi-
tioning. Same as STA otherwise.
NSTATE The next state of the service. A hyphen is used to
denote that the instance is not transitioning.
Same as STATE otherwise.
SCOPE The scope name of the service instance.
SVC The service name of the service instance.
STA The abbreviated state of the service instance (see
smf(5)):
DGD degraded
DIS disabled
LRC legacy rc*.d script-initiated instance
MNT maintenance
OFF offline
ON online
UN uninitialized
Absent or unrecognized states are denoted by a
question mark (?) character. An asterisk (*) is
appended for instances in transition, unless the
NSTA or NSTATE column is also being displayed.
See smf(5) for an explanation of service states.
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STATE The state of the service instance. An asterisk is
appended for instances in transition, unless the
NSTA or NSTATE column is also being displayed.
See smf(5) for an explanation of service states.
STIME If the service instance entered the current state
within the last 24 hours, this column indicates
the time that it did so. Otherwise, this column
indicates the date on which it did so, printed
with underscores (_) in place of blanks.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Displaying the Default Output
This example displays default output:
example% svcs
STATE STIME FMRI
...
legacy_run 13:25:04 lrc:/etc/rc3_d/S42myscript
...
online 13:21:50 svc:/system/svc/restarter:default
...
online 13:25:03 svc:/milestone/multi-user:default
...
online 13:25:07 svc:/milestone/multi-user-server:default
...
Example 2 Listing All Local Instances
This example lists all local instances of the service1 ser-
vice.
example% svcs -o state,nstate,fmri service1
STATE NSTATE FMRI
online - svc:/service1:instance1
disabled - svc:/service1:instance2
Example 3 Listing Verbose Information
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This example lists verbose information.
example% svcs -v network/rpc/rstat:udp
STATE NSTATE STIME CTID FMRI
online - Aug_09 - svc:/network/rpc/rstat:udp
Example 4 Listing Detailed Information
This example lists detailed information about all instances
of system/service3. Additional fields can be displayed, as
appropriate to the managing restarter.
example% svcs -l network/rpc/rstat:udp
fmri svc:/network/rpc/rstat:udp
enabled true
state online
next_state none
restarter svc:/network/inetd:default
contract_id
dependency require_all/error svc:/network/rpc/bind (online)
Example 5 Listing Processes
example% svcs -p sendmail
STATE STIME FMRI
online 13:25:13 svc:/network/smtp:sendmail
13:25:15 100939 sendmail
13:25:15 100940 sendmail
Example 6 Explaining Service States Using svcs -x
(a) In this example, svcs -x has identified that the
print/server service being disabled is the root cause of two
services which are enabled but not online. svcs -xv shows
that those services are print/rfc1179 and print/ipp-
listener. This situation can be rectified by either enabling
print/server or disabling rfc1179 and ipp-listener.
example% svcs -x
svc:/application/print/server:default (LP print server)
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State: disabled since Mon Feb 13 17:56:21 2006
Reason: Disabled by an administrator.
See: http://sun.com/msg/SMF-8000-05
See: lpsched(1M)
Impact: 2 dependent services are not running. (Use -v for list.)
(b) In this example, NFS is not working:
example$ svcs nfs/client
STATE STIME FMRI
offline 16:03:23 svc:/network/nfs/client:default
(c) The following example shows that the problem is
nfs/status. nfs/client is waiting because it depends on
nfs/nlockmgr, which depends on nfs/status:
example$ svcs -xv nfs/client
svc:/network/nfs/client:default (NFS client)
State: offline since Mon Feb 27 16:03:23 2006
Reason: Service svc:/network/nfs/status:default
is not running because a method failed repeatedly.
See: http://sun.com/msg/SMF-8000-GE
Path: svc:/network/nfs/client:default
svc:/network/nfs/nlockmgr:default
svc:/network/nfs/status:default
See: man -M /usr/share/man -s 1M mount_nfs
See: /var/svc/log/network-nfs-client:default.log
Impact: This service is not running.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 Successful command invocation.
1 Fatal error.
2 Invalid command line options were specified.
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ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcs |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Interface Stability | See below. |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
Screen output is Uncommitted. The invocation is Committed.
SEE ALSO
ps(1), svcprop(1), svcadm(1M), svccfg(1M), svc.startd(1M),
stat(2), libscf(3LIB), attributes(5), fnmatch(5), smf(5)
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